OpenVMS System Manager's Manual

Figure 13-9 shows an output configuration with spooled printers.

Figure 13-9 Queue Configuration with Spooled Devices

For more information about spooling printers, see Section 7.6.2.1.

13.2.2.8 Distributing Printing

The OpenVMS batch and print queuing system enables users to print files on output devices attached to the local system or OpenVMS Cluster system.

The Distributed Queuing Service (DQS) layered product extends the printing capabilities of the OpenVMS queuing system to a distributed environment. DQS enables users to print files on output devices attached to remote nodes in your network.

For more information, see the DQS documentation or your Digital support representative.

13.3 Planning Your Queue Setup

You must create queues for users to submit jobs; you must start the queues so that jobs can begin processing. To set up and start queues, follow these steps:

Step	Task	For More Information
1	Make sure you have started the queue manager and created the queue database.	Section 12.5
2	If your configuration includes output queues, set up output devices and create a command procedure to set up the devices on reboot.	Section 13.3.1
3	If you plan to use any queue options, such as forms, characteristics, and banner pages, determine the qualifiers needed to specify those options. In addition, define any forms and characteristics you will use before you create queues. (Because of the length of the instructions for this step, the corresponding section in the manual follows the section for step 5.)	Section 13.6
4	Create and start queues.	Section 13.4
5	Create a command procedure to perform the necessary setup tasks each time your system reboots.	Section 13.5

13.3.1 Setting Up Output Devices

Before creating output queues, you must set up the devices to which the queues will direct output.

How to Perform This Task

1. Install any printers, plotters, and other output devices to which your users will have access. For information, see the documentation provided with the hardware.
2. If you will use LAT printers, create logical LAT ports. You must create a logical LAT port on each service node to which a LAT printer is to be available, and associate the logical port with a physical port or service on the terminal server node. To do so, use the LATCP commands CREATE PORT and SET PORT. For more information, see the OpenVMS System Management Utilities Reference Manual.
3. Set device characteristics for line printers and printers attached to terminal ports. To do so, use a series of SET commands. For more information, see Section 7.6.1. In step 5, you create a command procedure to set up your devices each time the system reboots. The commands you enter to set device characteristics must be included in this command procedure.
4. Spool printers. If you use LAT printers, or if you run applications that write output directly to a printer, spool your printers. For more information on spooled printers, see Section 13.2.2.7.
   To spool a printer, use the SET DEVICE/SPOOLED command, as explained in Section 7.6.2.1.
5. Create a command procedure to set up your device characteristics and spool printers each time the system reboots. You must include the commands you entered in steps 3 and 4 in the command procedure. (Include the commands you entered to set up logical ports in step 2 in your site-specific LAT startup command procedure SYS$MANAGER:LAT$SYSTARTUP.COM.)
   If your configuration is simple, you can add the commands to SYSTARTUP_VMS.COM. If your configuration requires a large number of commands, create a separate command procedure (for example, DEVICE_SETUP.COM), and execute it from SYSTARTUP_VMS.COM. In the command procedure, a SET TERMINAL command must precede a SET DEVICE/SPOOLED command for the same output device.

Example

$ SET PRINTER/TAB/PAGE=66/WIDTH=132/LOWER/FF/NOCR  - 
_$ /FALLBACK/NOWRAP/NOTAB LPA0: (1)
$ SET TERMINAL/SPEED=9600/PAGE=100/WIDTH=200/DEVICE=LN03/NOBROADCAST - 
_$ /NOECHO/HARDCOPY/NOTYPE_AHEAD/NOFORM/NOWRAP/PASTHRU/PERMANENT LTA3331: (2)
$ SET DEVICE/SPOOLED=(LPA0,SYS$SYSDEVICE) LPA0: (3)
$ SET DEVICE/SPOOLED=(LN03_1,SYS$SYSDEVICE) LTA3331: (4)

This example does the following:

1. Sets parameters for the line printer device
2. Sets parameters for the LAT printer device
3. Spools device and creates queue called LPA0
4. Spools device and creates queue called LN03_1

Create queues in the following order:

1. Execution queues
2. Generic queues

For detailed instructions on creating and starting queues, see the following sections:

Task	For More Information
Autostart execution queues	Section 13.4.1
Nonautostart execution queues	Section 13.4.2
Generic queues	Section 13.4.3

13.4.1 Creating and Starting Autostart Execution Queues

To create and start an autostart execution queue, complete these tasks:

1. Create the queue as an autostart queue and, optionally, specify a failover list.
2. Activate the queue for autostart. You can do this either when you create a queue, or after you create one.
3. Enable autostart on a node. You can do this before or after you create a queue.

Example

$ INITIALIZE/QUEUE/START/DEFAULT=(NOBURST,FLAG=ALL,TRAILER=ONE) -
_$ /AUTOSTART_ON=(LILITH::LPA0:,SMITTN::LPA0:)  LPA0 (1)
$ INITIALIZE/QUEUE/START/DEVICE=TERMINAL/ -
_$ /AUTOSTART_ON=(LILITH::LTA3331:,SMITTN::LTA555:) -
_$ /RECORD_BLOCKING/BLOCK_LIMIT=600/CHARACTERISTICS=(EAST)-
_$ /SEPARATE=(NOBURST,NOTRAILER,NOFLAG,RESET=ANSI$RESET) -
_$ /DEFAULT=(NOFEED,NOBURST,FLAG=ONE,NOTRAILER,FORM=MEMO) -
_$ /LIBRARY=LN03LIBRARY /PROCESSOR=LATSYM      LN03_1 (2)
$ ENABLE AUTOSTART/QUEUES (3)
$ ENABLE AUTOSTART/QUEUES/ON_NODE=SMITTN  (4)

This example does the following:

1. Creates an autostart queue named LPA0 and activates it for autostart. Because this is an autostart queue with a failover list, this queue can run on either LILITH::LPA0 or SMITTN::LPA0.
2. Creates an autostart queue named LN03_1 for LAT printers and activates it for autostart. Because this is an autostart queue with a failover list, this queue can run on either of the printers attached to LAT ports LTA3331: on node LILITH or LTA555: on node SMITTN.
3. Enables autostart on the node on which the process is running. Assume this is node LILITH. Because both LPA0 and LN03_1 are active autostart queues capable of running on node LILITH, these queues will start up on this node.
4. Enables autostart on node SMITTN. If LILITH becomes unavailable, both LPA0 and LN03_1 can fail over to node SMITTN.

Following are detailed explanations of each task.

13.4.1.1 Creating an Autostart Queue

To create an autostart execution queue, use the /AUTOSTART_ON qualifier with the INITIALIZE/QUEUE command, as shown in the following table:

For...	Use This Command...
Output queues	INITIALIZE/QUEUE/AUTOSTART_ON=(node::[device:] [,...]) queue-name For node::, specify the name of the node on which the queue is to run. For device:, specify the name of the output device to which the queue's output is sent. To allow the autostart queue to fail over to another node and device, specify a list of nodes and devices, separated by commas.
Batch queues	INITIALIZE/QUEUE/BATCH/AUTOSTART_ON=(node:: [,...]) queue-name The /BATCH qualifier creates a batch queue. For node::, specify the name of the node on which the queue is to run. To allow the autostart queue to fail over to another node, specify a list of nodes, separated by commas.

Caution

The system does not check the node name you specify as node:: to determine if it is an existing node name, so be sure to specify the node name correctly.

How to Specify a Failover List

As the table indicates, to specify a failover list:

• For output queues, replace device with a list of failover devices.
• For batch queues, replace node with a list of failover nodes.

You must activate an autostart queue in one of the following ways:

• Use the /START qualifier in the INITIALIZE/QUEUE command used to create the queue, as follows:

  INITIALIZE/QUEUE/START/AUTOSTART_ON[/qualifiers,...] queue-name 
  

• Enter START/QUEUE after you create the queue, as follows:

  START/QUEUE[/qualifiers,...] queue-name 
  

How to Start a Deactivated Queue

To start an autostart queue that has been deactivated by STOP/QUEUE/NEXT or STOP/QUEUE/RESET, enter START/QUEUE. The queue is then automatically started by the queue manager either:

• Immediately if a node on which the queue can run is enabled for autostart
• As soon as a node on which the queue can run is enabled for autostart

You must enable autostart on a node to start autostart queues. You can do this either before or after you create an autostart queue. Perform the following steps to enable autostart:

1. For each node on which you want autostart queues to run (including those to which the queues can later fail over), enter the following command:

   $ ENABLE AUTOSTART/QUEUES
   

   
   Enabling autostart on a node notifies the queue manager to automatically do the following:
   • Start all active and valid autostart queues on the node
   • Start any active autostart queue that fails over to the node
   
   By default, the command affects the node from which it is entered. Specify the /ON_NODE qualifier to enable autostart on a different node.

   ---

   Note

   The ENABLE AUTOSTART/QUEUES command starts only valid, active autostart queues capable of running on a node. If an autostart queue does not start when you enter this command, the queue might not be active for autostart. You must activate autostart queues, as explained in Section 13.4.1.2.

   ---

2. Add the ENABLE AUTOSTART/QUEUES command to your startup command procedure on each node that is to run autostart queues to ensure that autostart is enabled each time the node reboots.

   How to Start Stopped Autostart Queues
   

   You can start all stopped active autostart queues on a node by enabling autostart for queues with ENABLE AUTOSTART/QUEUES. Including a separate START/QUEUE command to start an active autostart queue is not necessary.

   When a node reboots, autostart is disabled until you enter ENABLE AUTOSTART/QUEUES.

   13.4.1.4 Adding Commands to Your Startup Procedure

   Digital recommends that you add ENABLE AUTOSTART/QUEUES to your startup procedure on all of your nodes. Add this command following the commands that configure printer devices and mount important disks. Adding the command eliminates the necessity of adding it later, if you need to add autostart queues or add nodes to autostart queue failover lists.

   The following example illustrates some sample commands that you might add to a node's SYSTARTUP_VMS.COM procedure:

   $! Start the nonautostart batch queue 
   $ START/QUEUE SYS$BATCH 
   $! Start all autostart queues 
   $ ENABLE AUTOSTART/QUEUES 
   

   For more examples, see the SYS$MANAGER:SYSTARTUP_VMS.COM template on your system disk.

   13.4.2 Creating and Starting Nonautostart Execution Queues

   This section describes how to create and start a nonautostart queue.

   Example
   

   The following example creates a batch queue named SYS$BATCH and starts the queue on LILITH:

   $ INITIALIZE/QUEUE/START/BATCH/ON=LILITH::SYS$BATCH
   

   13.4.2.1 Creating a Nonautostart Queue

   To create a nonautostart execution queue, use the /ON qualifier with the INITIALIZE/QUEUE command, as shown in the following table:

   Type of Queue	Command
   Output queues	INITIALIZE/QUEUE/ON=node::device: queue-name For node::, specify the node on which the queue is to execute. For device:, specify the device to which the queue's output is sent.
   Batch queues	INITIALIZE/QUEUE/BATCH/ON=node:: queue-name The /BATCH qualifier is required to create a batch queue. For node::, specify the node on which the queue is to execute.

   13.4.2.2 Starting a Nonautostart Queue

   You must start a nonautostart queue in one of the following ways:

   • Enter the /START qualifier in the INITIALIZE/QUEUE command that you use to create the queue, with the following format:

     INITIALIZE/QUEUE/START/ON[/qualifiers,...] queue-name 
     

   • Enter START/QUEUE after you create the queue, using the following format:

     START/QUEUE[/qualifiers,...] queue-name 
     

     
     For each nonautostart queue, you must include a START/QUEUE command naming the queue in your startup command procedure.

   13.4.3 Creating and Starting Generic Queues

   This section describes how to create and start a generic queue.

   13.4.3.1 Creating a Generic Queue

   To create a generic queue, use the /GENERIC qualifier with the INITIALIZE/QUEUE command, as shown in the following table:

   Type of Queue	Command
   Output queue	INITIALIZE/QUEUE/GENERIC[=(queue-name[,...])] queue-name The /GENERIC qualifier specifies that the queue is a generic queue. For the first queue-name, specify the execution queue to which the generic queue sends jobs. For the second queue-name, specify the generic queue to which output is sent.
   Batch queues	INITIALIZE/QUEUE/BATCH/GENERIC[=(queue-name[,...]) queue-name The /BATCH qualifier is required to create a batch queue. For queue-name, specify the execution queue to which the generic queue sends jobs. The execution queue must be a batch queue.

   You can also set up a generic queue without explicitly naming the execution queues to which it may send jobs. Instead, use the /ENABLE_GENERIC qualifier with INITIALIZE/QUEUE, START/QUEUE, or SET QUEUE for the execution. This method is not normally recommended. However, if your queue configuration is simple, you can use this method.

   Example
   

   The following example creates a generic queue (LN03_PRINT), which lists execution queues to which LN03_PRINT sends jobs:

   $ INITIALIZE/QUEUE/GENERIC=(LN03_1,LN03_2,LN03_3) LN03_PRINT
   

   13.4.3.2 Starting a Generic Queue

   You must start a generic queue in one of the following ways:

   • Use the /START qualifier in the INITIALIZE/QUEUE command used to create the queue, using the following format:

     INITIALIZE/QUEUE/START/GENERIC(=queue-name[,...])[/qualifiers, ...] queue-name 
     

   • Enter START/QUEUE after you create the queue, using the following format:

     START/QUEUE[/qualifiers,...] queue-name 
     

   13.5 Restarting Execution Queues on Reboot

   Information about forms, characteristics, and queues is stored in the queue database. For this reason, creating forms, queues, and characteristics each time the node or OpenVMS Cluster system reboots is unnecessary. However, you must start nonautostart execution queues and enable autostart each time a node reboots. To do so, create a command procedure.

   If your configuration is simple, you can add the commands to the site-specific startup command procedure SYSTARTUP_VMS.COM. If your configuration requires a large number of commands, create a separate command procedure and execute it from SYSTARTUP_VMS.COM.

   Generic queues are not automatically stopped when a node shuts down. Therefore, including commands to start generic queues in your startup command procedure is unnecessary.

   13.6 Using Queue Options

   The following table describes options that you can use with queues:

   Options	Type of queue	Reference
   Control of access to queues	Batch and output	Section 13.6.1
   Job retention	Batch and output	Section 13.6.2
   Characteristics	Batch and output	Section 13.6.3
   Control of batch processing	Batch	Section 13.6.4
   Control of job scheduling	Output	Section 13.6.5
   Banner pages	Output	Section 13.6.6
   Forms	Output	Section 13.6.7
   Control of line and page overflow	Output	Section 13.6.7.8
   Suppression of initial form feed	Output	Section 13.6.7.9
   Device control library modules	Output	Section 13.6.8

   You can implement options in either of the following ways:

   • Specify appropriate qualifiers with INITIALIZE/QUEUE when you create a queue.
   • Specify options after you create a queue by including qualifiers with START/QUEUE or SET QUEUE.

   Table 13-1 lists qualifiers you can use to specify queue options, and indicates the type of queue for which you can specify each option.

   Table 13-1 Qualifiers for Specifying Queue Options

   Qualifier	Type of Queue	Description	For More Information
   /AUTOSTART_ON	Batch and output	Creates an autostart execution queue and specifies the node or nodes (and for output queues, the device or devices) on which the queues can run.	Section 13.4.1
   /BASE_PRIORITY	Batch and output	Specifies a base process priority (not the same as the job scheduling priority). For a batch queue, specifies the base priority for processes executing jobs in the queue. For output queues, specifies the base priority of the symbiont process.	Section 13.6.4.1
   /BLOCK_LIMIT	Output	Limits the size of print jobs that can be processed on an output execution queue.	Section 13.6.5.1
   /CHARACTERISTIC /CHARACTERISTICS	Batch and output	Specifies one or more characteristics associated with the queue.	Section 13.6.3
   /CPUDEFAULT	Batch	Defines the default CPU time limit for batch jobs executed in the queue.	Section 13.6.4
   /CPUMAXIMUM	Batch	Defines a maximum CPU time limit for batch jobs executed in the queue.	Section 13.6.4
   /DEFAULT	Output	Establishes defaults for certain options of the PRINT command. After you set an option for the queue with the /DEFAULT qualifier, users do not have to specify that option in their PRINT commands. However, they can specify options to override the defaults set on the queues. Possible default options are as follows:
   		BURST	Section 13.6.6
   		FEED	Section 13.6.7.8
   		FLAG	Section 13.6.6
   		FORM	Section 13.6.7
   		TRAILER	Section 13.6.6
   /DESCRIPTION	Batch and output	Specifies a text string to provide users with information about the queue.
   /DEVICE	Output	Specifies the type of output execution queue. The keywords are as follows: PRINTER (default) TERMINAL SERVER	Section 13.7.1.1
   /DISABLE_SWAPPING	Batch	Specifies whether batch jobs executed from a queue can be swapped in and out of memory.	Section 13.6.4
   /FORM_MOUNTED	Output	Specifies the mounted form for an output execution queue.	Section 13.6.7
   /GENERIC	Batch and output	Creates a generic queue and names the execution queues it feeds.	Section 13.4.3.1
   /JOB_LIMIT	Batch	Indicates the number of batch jobs that can be executed concurrently from a batch queue.	Section 13.6.4
   /LIBRARY	Output	Specifies the file name for a device control library.	Section 13.6.8
   /NAME_OF_MANAGER	Batch and output	Specifies the name of the queue manager with which the queue will be associated.	Section 12.8
   /NO_INITIAL_FF	Output	Specifies the qualifier for an output execution queue; suppresses the initial form feed sent to an output execution queue.	Section 13.6.7.9
   /ON	Batch and output	Creates a nonautostart execution queue and specifies the node (and, for output queues, the device) on which the queue is to run.	Section 13.4.2.1
   /OWNER_UIC	Batch and output	Specifies the user identification code (UIC) for the queue.	Section 13.6.1.2
   /PROCESSOR	Output	Specifies the symbiont to be used with an output execution queue. The default is the standard operating system print symbiont PRTSMB.	Section 13.4.1
   /PROTECTION	Batch and output	Specifies a protection for the queue.	Section 13.6.1.2
   /RECORD_BLOCKING	Output	Determines whether the symbiont can concatenate (or block together) output records for transmission to the output device.	Section 13.4.1
   /RETAIN	Batch and output	Holds jobs in the queue after they have executed.	Section 13.6.2
   /SCHEDULE	Output	Specifies whether pending jobs in a queue are scheduled based on the size of the job.	Section 13.6.5
   /SEPARATE	Output	Specifies required job separation or job reset options for an output execution queue. Required options cannot be overridden by the PRINT command. Possible options are as follows:
   		BURST	Section 13.6.6
   		FLAG	Section 13.6.6
   		RESET	Section 13.6.8
   		TRAILER	Section 13.6.6
   /WSDEFAULT	Batch and output	For batch queues, specifies a default working set size for batch jobs executed in the queue. For output queues, specifies a default working set size for the symbiont process. The value set by this qualifier overrides the value defined in the UAF of any user submitting a job to the queue.	Section 13.6.4
   /WSEXTENT	Batch and output	For batch queues, specifies the working set extent for batch jobs executed in the queue. For output queues, specifies a working set extent for the symbiont process. The value set by this qualifier overrides the value defined in the UAF of any user submitting a job to the queue.	Section 13.6.4
   /WSQUOTA	Batch and output	For batch queues, specifies the working set quota for batch jobs executed in the queue. For output queues, specifies a working set quota for the symbiont process. The value set by this qualifier overrides the value defined in the UAF of any user submitting a job to the queue.	Section 13.6.4

   13.6.1 Controlling Access to Queues

   Queues are permanent security objects. They are stored in the system queue database together with their security profiles.

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