
 BACKUP[/qualifier[s]] source target

 The BACKUP command invokes the BRU system utility program to provide
 functions that allow you to back up and restore Files-11 volumes. BRU
 transfers files from a volume to a backup volume (or volumes) to
 ensure that copies of the files are available in case the original
 files are destroyed. If the original files are destroyed, or if for
 any other reason the copies need to be retrieved, you can restore the
 backed-up files with BACKUP.

 Both source and target fields specify disk or tape units. At least one
 of these must be a disk. The source field may optionally include from
 1 to 16 file specifications which are used to select which files are to
 be transfered.

 See HELP BACKUP QUALIFIERS for a list of available qualifiers.

 See HELP BACKUP EXAMPLES for some command examples.
2 AFTER
#BEFORE
2 BEFORE

 The /BEFORE and /AFTER qualifiers are used with the /CREATED and /MODIFIED 
 qualifiers.  See HELP BACKUP CREATED and HELP BACKUP MODIFIED.
2 APPEND

 BACKUP/APPEND source target

 The /APPEND qualifier causes a backup set from the input volume to be
 appended to the last backup set on the output volume.

 /APPEND causes a skip to the logical end-of-tape before writing
 the new backup set if the tape was positioned at the beginning. The
 output volume is searched for the last logical end-of-file. If the
 tape is a continuation tape, i.e. not the first tape of a tape set, a
 message is displayed.

 If the tape is not positioned at the beginning, /APPEND will cause BRU
 to start writing where the tape is currently positioned. /APPEND/REWIND
 will cause BRU to rewind the tape and then space forward until the end
 of the volume.
2 SAVE_SET

 BACKUP/SAVE_SET:name source target

 The /SAVE_SET qualifier allows you to specify the name of the backup
 set to be placed on the tape. The default is the volume name of the
 disk being backed up. This name may be up to 12 characters long.

 When applied to an output tape volume, the backup set name assigns the
 name of the backup set being placed on the volume. Multiple backup sets
 may be placed on a single volume.

 If you specify no backup set name for the output volume, the volume
 name of the input disk is used to name the backup set.

 When applied to an input tape volume, the first tape is searched for
 the specified backup set name. If you specify no backup set name with
 the input volume, the first backup set on the tape is restored.

 The first tape in the backup set is not rewound unless you specify
 /REWIND.
2 OUTVOLUME
#LABEL
2 OUTPUT
#LABEL
2 INVOLUME
#LABEL
2 INPUT
#LABEL
2 TAPE_LABEL
#LABEL
2 LABEL
 BACKUP/LABEL:arg source target
	      OUTPUT:volumelabel
	      INPUT:volumelabel
	      TAPE_LABEL:volume-ID

 The /LABEL qualifier changes or checks volume labels and volume-IDs 
 for backup and restore operations.
 
 The default is /LABEL:OUTPUT:volumelabel.  This means you can specify
 the volume label of the output disk with /LABEL:volumelabel.  
 
 These arguments to /LABEL are mutually exclusive.

 See HELP BACKUP LABEL labeltype for more information.

3 OUTVOLUME
#OUTPUT
3 OUTPUT
 
 BACKUP/LABEL:[OUTPUT:]volumelabel source target
 
 The /LABEL:OUTPUT qualifier specifies the volume label of the output disk.
 This label can be up to 12 characters in length.
 
 The default is /LABEL:OUTPUT:volumelabel.  This means you can specify
 the volume label of the output disk with /LABEL:volumelabel.  

 For disk-to-tape backup operations, the name of the input disk volume
 stored on the output tape volume is changed to the name specified with
 the /LABEL:OUTPUT qualifier.
 
 For tape-to-disk restore operations or for disk-to-disk transfers, the
 name of the output disk volume is changed to the name specified with
 the /LABEL:OUTPUT qualifier.

3 INVOLUME
#INPUT
3 INPUT

 BACKUP/LABEL:INPUT:volumelabel source target
 
 The /LABEL:INPUT qualifier specifies the volume label of the input disk.
 This name can be up to 12 characters long.
 
 For disk-to-tape or disk-to-disk operations, the volume label of the 
 input volume is checked to verify that the disk has the correct label.
 This check ensures that you do not back up the wrong volume.
 
 For restore operations, BACKUP checks the volume label of the disk that is
 stored in the backup set on tape.

3 TAPE_LABEL
 
  BACKUP/LABEL:TAPE_LABEL:vol-ID source target
 
 The /LABEL:TAPE_LABEL qualifier specifies the 6-character volume identifier
 on the ANSI VOL1 label to be placed on the tape during a backup opera-
 tion or to be compared with the label on the tape for append and restore
 operations. This allows you to verify that you are using the correct
 tape.

2 BADBLOCKS

 BACKUP/INITIALIZE/BADBLOCKS:[AUTOMATIC] source target
			MANUAL
			OVERRIDE

 The /BADBLOCKS qualifier is used with the /INITIALIZE qualifier during tape
 to disk or disk to disk operations.

 For last-track devices, AUTOMATIC causes the manufacturer's bad-block
 information and the software-detected bad sector file to be used to
 create BADBLK.SYS. For nonlast-track devices, the software bad-block
 descriptor block is used to create BADBLK.SYS.

 OVERRIDE applies only to last-track devices, causing the last-track
 device to appear to be a nonlast-track device. When OVERRIDE is speci-
 fied, BRU uses the software bad block descriptor block to create
 BADBLK.SYS.

 MANUAL specifies that both the manufacturer-written bad-block infor-
 mation and either the software-detected bad sector file or the bad
 block descriptor block be used to create BADBLK.SYS. Also, MANUAL
 accepts the addresses of bad blocks entered manually from the terminal.
2 ACCESSED

 BACKUP/INITIALIZE/ACCESSED:fcbcount source target

 The /ACCESSED qualifier specifies the number of directory File Control
 Blocks (FCBs) per volume kept in memory by the ACP. The more FCBs that
 are kept in memory, the faster the files are found. The default value
 for 'fcbcount' is the same as the default for the input disk.

 The /ACCESSED qualifier is used with the /INITIALIZE qualifier during
 tape to disk or disk to disk operations.
2 COMPARE

 BACKUP/COMPARE source target

 The /COMPARE qualifier causes the data on the output device to be com-
 pared with the date on the input device and any differences to be
 reported. No data transfer takes place during a /COMPARE operation.

 The command string specifying the /COMPARE operation must be identical
 to that entered when the data on the output volume was created, with
 the exception of the /INITIALIZE and /NOINITIALIZE qualifiers.
2 CREATED

 BACKUP/CREATED/BEFORE:(dd-mmm-yy [hh:mm:ss]) source target
		 /AFTER:(dd-mmm-yy [hh:mm:ss])

 The /CREATED qualifier allows you to select for backup or restoration
 files created on or before, or after the specified date and time.

 If you specify both a date and time, the date and time must be enclosed
 in parentheses. If you specify only a date or only a time, the paren-
 theses are not necessary. If you specify only a time, today's date is
 used. 

 /BEFORE and /AFTER are also used with /MODIFIED.
2 DENSITY

 BACKUP/DENSITY:n source target

  The /DENSITY qualifier specifies the density at which a magnetic tape
 is to be written. The following are legal values:

			800	1600	6250

 If you specify /DENSITY with /APPEND, you must specify the density at
 which the old tape data was written. If you specify a density other
 than the original density, a warning message will be displayed and
 processing will continue at the correct density.

 If you specify an incorrect density for a restore operation, an error
 message is displayed and the operation is terminated.
2 LIST

 BACKUP/LIST source
 BACKUP/SAVE_SET:name/LIST source

 The /LIST qualifier can be used to list the backup sets on a 
 volume, or to list the files in a backup set.

 When specified with no backup set name, /LIST lists all the backup
 sets on the volume. If a continuation tape is mounted when you enter
 the command, only the backup sets on that volume, and not those on the
 first or previous volumes, are listed. The continuation tape number is
 also listed.

 When used in conjunction with the /SAVE_SET qualifier, /LIST
 causes the files in the specified backup set to be listed. If the
 backup set is not on the tape, an error message is displayed and the
 operation is terminated.
2 NOLOG
#LOG
2 LOG

 BACKUP/[NO]LOG source target

 The /[NO]LOG qualifier causes the file name and UFD of each file being
 transferred to be printed.  The default is /NOLOG.
2 ERRORS
#ERROR_LIMIT
2 ERROR_LIMIT

 BACKUP/ERROR_LIMIT:n

 The /ERROR_LIMIT qualifier requests termination of a restore operation
 after the specified number of nonfatal tape read errors.

 The default is /ERROR_LIMIT:25.
2 EXAMPLES

 Example of a complete disk copy to a 1600 bpi tape:

 >BACKUP/DENSITY:1600 DB2: MM0:


 Example of a copy from tape to disk, initializing the disk and using
 prompting:

	>BACKUP/DENSITY:1600
	From?   MM1:
	To?     DK2:
	INITIALIZE THE OUTPUT DISK?    YES


 Example of a disk to disk transfer from a mounted disk, initializing
 the output disk:

	>BACKUP/INITIALIZE/MOUNTED
	From?   DB0:
	To?	DB3:
2 EXCLUDE

 BACKUP/EXCLUDE ddnn:filespec targetddnn:

 The /EXCLUDE qualifier specifes that files matching the file specifi-
 cation in the source field be excluded from the backup or restore
 operation. 
2 EXTENSION

 BACKUP/INITIALIZE/EXTENSION:n source target

 The /EXTENSION qualifier specifies the default number of blocks a file
 will be extended when that file has exhausted its allocated space.

 The /EXTENSION qualifier is used in conjunction with the /INITIALIZE
 qualifier during tape to disk or disk to disk operations.
2 HEADERS

 BACKUP/INITIALIZE/HEADERS:n source target

 The /HEADERS qualifier specifies the number of file headers to allocate
 initially to the index file. The primary reason for preallocating file
 headers is to locate them near the storage bit map file. Proper place-
 ment of file headers can help reduce head motion during I/O operations.

 The /HEADERS qualifier is used in conjunction with the /INITIALIZE
 qualifier during tape to disk and disk to disk operations.
2 INITIALIZE
#NOINITIALIZE
2 LENGTH

 BACKUP/LENGTH:n source target

 The /LENGTH qualifier specifies the length of the output tape in deci-
 mal feet. If the length specified exceeds the length of the tape, the
 entire length of the output tape will be used. In cases where you know
 the end of the tape must not be used, you can specify a shorter length
 to ensure that you do not write on that part of the tape.
2 MAXIMUM_FILES

 BACKUP/INITIALIZE/MAXIMUM_FILES:n source target

 The /MAXIMUM_FILES qualifier specifies the maximum number of files that can
 be placed on a volume, as determined by the number of file headers in
 the volume's index file. The default maximum is the maximum number of
 files on the input disk.
2 MOUNTED

 BACKUP/MOUNTED source target

 The /MOUNTED qualifier allows you to back up or restore files that are
 on volumes that are mounted as File-11 volumes.

 Normally, both the source and target devices are mounted as foreign
 devices, but by using the /MOUNTED qualifier, the source device may
 be mounted as a Files-11 device. However, files being transfered should
 not be modified while the transfer is taking place.
2 NEW_VERSION

 BACKUP/NEW_VERSION source target

 The /NEW_VERSION qualifier resolves conflicts that occur during restore
 operations to an existing disk by creating new versions of the
 duplicate files.  Old files are not deleted.

 See HELP BACKUP REPLACE for alternative qualifiers.
2 NOINITIALIZE

 BACKUP/INITIALIZE source target
 BACKUP/NOINITIALIZE source target

 The /INITIALIZE qualifier specifies that you want to initialize the
 output volume during a tape to disk or disk to disk operation. Initia-
 lization places a Files-11 structure on the disk, including the boot
 block, the home block, and the required system files.

 Along with the /INITIALIZE qualifier, you can specify the following
 qualifier when you are initializing a disk: /BADBLOCKS, /ACCESSED, /EXTENSION,
 /HEADERS, /MAXIMUM_FILES, /INDEX, /FILE_PROTECTION, and /WINDOWS. If you do not
 specify any of these qualifiers, the defaults of the input disk are
 used.

 /NOINITIALIZE specifies that you do not want to initialize the disk; it
 already has a Files-11 structure. The output disk must be mounted as a
 Files-11 volume. You cannot enter any of the initialization qualifiers
 listed above when you specify /NOINITIALIZE.

 When you are restoring to a mounted volume, the file system is used to
 access the output device. Therefore, a restore operation to a mounted
 volume is slower than a restore to an unmounted volume.
2 NOPRESERVE

 BACKUP/NOPRESERVE source target

 The /NOPRESERVE qualifier specifies that you do not want to preserve
 file-IDs. 

 When file-IDs are not preserved, new file-IDs are assigned starting at
 6 and incremented sequentially.
2 SUPERSEDE
#REPLACE
2 NOSUPERSEDE
#REPLACE
2 NOREPLACE
#REPLACE
2 POSITION
#INDEX
2 INDEX

 BACKUP/INITIALIZE/INDEX:BEGINNING source target
			     MIDDLE
			     END
			     n

 The /INDEX qualifier specifies where on the output volume the index
 file is to be placed. This qualifier can be used to force the index
 file, the Master File Directory, and the storage allocation file to a
 specific location on the disk, usually to minimize access time.

 The default location is at the same location as that on the input disk.  
2 PROTECTION
#FILE_PROTECTION
2 FILE_PROTECTION

 BACKUP/INITIALIZE/FILE_PROTECTION:(code) source target

 The /FILE_PROTECTION qualifier specifies the default protection for all new
 files created on the disk after the backup transfer has completed.
 Each access code consists of a positional keyword specifying the
 protection group (SYSTEM:, OWNER:, GROUP:, WORLD:) followed by a 4-code
 group specifying the protection, as follows:

	R - allow read access to file
	W - allow write access to file
	E - allow file to be extended
	D - allow file to be deleted

 If this qualifier is not specified, the defaults from the input disk
 are used.

 The default system protection code is

	(SYSTEM:RWED,OWNER,RWED,GROUP:RWED,WORLD:R)
2 QUALIFIERS
 The available qualifiers for BACKUP are:

 /APPEND		/ERROR_LIMIT:n		/INDEX:BEGINNING
 /SAVE_SET:name		/EXCLUDE			  MIDDLE
 /BADBLOCKS:[AUTOMATIC]	/EXTENSION:n			  END
      	    MANUAL	/HEADERS:n			  n
            OVERRIDE	/[NO]INITIALIZE		/FILE_PROTECTION:(code)

 /ACCESSED:n		/LABEL:[OUTPUT:]label	/MODIFIED/BEFORE:date
				INPUT:label		 /AFTER:date
				TAPE_LABEL:vol-ID

 /COMPARE		/LENGTH:n		 
 /CREATED/BEFORE:date	/MAXIMUM_FILES:n	/REWIND
 	  /AFTER:date	/MOUNTED		/[NO]REPLACE
 /DENSITY:arg		/NEW_VERSION		
	  800
	  1600
	  6250
 /LIST			/NOPRESERVE		/VERIFY
 /[NO]LOG					/WINDOWS:n
                                                                       
2 REVISED
#MODIFIED
2 MODIFIED

 BACKUP/MODIFIED/BEFORE:(dd-mmm-yy [hh:mm:ss]) source target
		 /AFTER:(dd-mmm-yy [hh:mm:ss])

 The /MODIFIED qualifier allows you to select for backup or restore
 files revised on or before, or after the specified date and time.

 If you specify both a date and time, the date and time must be enclosed
 in parentheses. If you specify only a date or only a time, the paren-
 theses are not necessary. If you specify only a time, today's date is
 used.

 /BEFORE and /AFTER are also used with /CREATED.
2 REWIND

 BACKUP/REWIND source target

 The /REWIND qualifier causes the first magnetic tape of a tape set to
 be rewound before executing a backup or restore operation.

 When specified with an input tape, the first tape of the tape set is
 rewound before it is searched for backup sets.

 When specified with /APPEND, the first tape of the tape set is rewound
 and then searched for the logical end of the last backup set before
 executing the backup operation.
2 REPLACE

 BACKUP/REPLACE source target

 The /REPLACE qualifier specifies that when file specifications on the
 output volume are identical to the file specifications on the input
 volume, the file on the output volume is deleted and replaced with the
 file from the input volume.

 The default is /NOREPLACE.  No files are deleted, but a warning 
 message is issued.

 See HELP BACKUP NEW_VERSION for an alternative qualifier.
2 TAPE_LABEL

 BACKUP/TAPE_LABEL source target

 The /TAPE_LABEL qualifier specifies the 6-character volume identifier
 on the ANSI VOL1 label to be placed on the tape during a backup opera-
 tion or to be compared with the label on the tape on append and restore
 operations. This allows you to verify that you have mounted the correct
 tape.
2 VERIFY

 BACKUP/VERIFY source target

 The /VERIFY qualifier specifies that after data transfer is complete,
 the input and output volumes be compared to verify that the transfer
 was carried out successfully.
2 WINDOWS

 BACKUP/INITIALIZE/WINDOWS:n source target

 The /WINDOWS qualifier specifies the default number of mapping pointers
 to be allocated for file windows. A file window consists of a number of
 pointers and is stored in memory when the file is opened.

 The default number of mapping pointers is the same as the default for
 the input disk.
